当代西方创造力研究的考察   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

赵春音 《科学学研究》2003,21(4):362-366

首先 ,当代西方创造力研究是对历史上有关种种神秘创造观念的根本否定 ,这可根源于其实用主义的哲学背景、对实验心理学研究传统的继承以及近代自然科学飞速发展的大背景。其次 ,文章对吉尔福特、托兰斯、郎利和琼斯、斯堪克、约翰逊·赖德等人的创造力研究模式进行了述评 ,指出当代西方创造力研究虽以认知研究为特色 ,但在强调科学性、精确性的同时 ,却陷入以“方法中心”消解“问题中心”的困境 ,呈现出“学术科学主义”的倾向  相似文献   

研究生学位论文引文分析系统的分析与设计     

刘暐  赵嵩正  殷茗 《情报科学》2006,24(8):1249-1252

本文提出了研究生学位论文引文分析系统的设计方案。在介绍了引文分析方法的基本理论的基础上，对研究生学位论文的引文分析系统的流程与功能进行了设计，并以24部博士学位论文作为数据源介绍了系统的具体应用，该系统对揭示研究生文献需求的规律和特点、提高馆藏文献采编质量具有实际意义。  相似文献   

基于合作网络中心性指标的科研团队学术带头人识别研究     

李纲  刘先红 《科技管理研究》2016,(8):127-132

合作网络中心性指标越来越多地被应用于科研团队学术带头人的识别,但识别的合理性与有效性有待论证。基于此,归纳科研团队学术带头人的胜任特征,并分析合作网络中心性指标测度这些胜任特征的合理性。以14个受资助的国家自然科学基金创新研究群体为对象,从识准率和识全率两个方面对网络中心性指标识别科研团队学术带头人的有效性进行实证分析。  相似文献   

Universities and the humanities,then and now     

SunHee Kim Gertz 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2017,41(6):844-856

Over the centuries, universities have functioned as gatekeepers and treasurers of received knowledge, while concomitantly furthering innovative contributions to society. Yet, when cultivating research ‘silos’, universities encourage scholars to explore in seeming isolation. Out of such tensions, universities have supported, and will continue to pursue, different kinds of, and approaches to, furthering knowledge and creativity. In the past, the humanities had been central to this mission. More recently, however, the efficient and global acceleration of consumer-oriented ‘knowledge production and consumption’ seems to form a critical factor upsetting the centrality of the humanities in university cultures. In this context, exploring the academic communities of the late middle ages proves to be a useful exercise. Forged in strong relationships with ecclesiastical and secular powers, mediaeval universities nonetheless share critical concerns with today’s academic institutions; thus, they too were constrained by the need to attract and exact excellence, to navigate relationships with their immediate environs, and to train professionals, who could ensure continuity in academic communities, the church, and the imperial courts. In other words, mediaeval universities also experienced polarising tensions that reveal consonances between then and now and that can gloss today’s acceleration driving the consumer model of knowledge production and consumption, while also encouraging scholars to form more explicit links to external constituencies.  相似文献   

Feedback on feedback practice: perceptions of students and academics     

Emma Mulliner  Matthew Tucker 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2017,42(2):266-288

While feedback is widely considered central to student learning, students across the higher education sector commonly report dissatisfaction with the feedback they receive. In contrast, academics often feel they provide quality and informative feedback. This article explores and compares the perceptions of students and academics with regard to feedback practice. The paper presents the results of questionnaire surveys conducted with academics and students at the School of the Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University. It highlights the perceptions of academics and students with regard to preferences for different types of feedback, timeliness of feedback, students’ engagement and interest in feedback, quality feedback and satisfaction with current practice. The findings indicate a significant discord between staff and students in relation to certain aspects of feedback practice, namely opinions on students’ engagement and interest in feedback, satisfaction with current practice and feedback preference. Similarities in viewpoints were also found in relation to quality feedback.  相似文献   

Teachers’ perspective on institutional barriers to academic entrepreneurship – a case of Uttarakhand state,India     

Lalit Sharma 《Teachers and Teaching》2017,23(4):436-450

The study explores the institutional factors which influence the impact of education in building academic entrepreneurship in higher educational institutes of Uttarakhand state, India. In order to understand the institutional barriers, the author interviewed 68 senior-level educationists, who were working in the capacity of Director General, Professor, Head, or Director in three different universities or their affiliated institutions. Based on the qualitative data obtained from interviews, we identified five major and four minor factors which were influencing the impact of education in building academic entrepreneurship in the state. The major barriers identified were – poor entrepreneurial ecosystem, poor entrepreneurial orientation, and inclination of universities and institutes to prepare students for jobs, inadequate content of the subject, need for training of entrepreneurship faculty, or specialized entrepreneurship faculty and ineffective teaching methodology. The results so obtained were further reviewed and validated on the basis of past research. The study also takes into account the institutional problems in developing academic entrepreneurship in other developing countries and compares the results. The study will help policy-makers, teachers, and educational institutions to recognize the possible shortfalls in the education system, which eventually result in poor academic entrepreneurship. Suggestions for improvements are included.  相似文献   

What price the building of world-class universities? Academic pressure faced by young lecturers at a research-centered University in China     

Mei Tian 《Teaching in Higher Education》2017,22(8):957-974

This study explores the challenges faced by young lecturers in managerial transformation in elite Chinese academic institutions which aim to develop into world-class universities. Drawing on data from in-depth interviews, the paper discusses how a group of lecturers on tenure-track contracts at a research university in China perceived the impacts of this managerial personnel reform. The study revealed intensified academic pressure and consequent feelings of insecurity, uncertainty and anxiety among the participants. Rigid tenure requirements pushed down research quality, and detracted from the efforts the participants could have devoted to teaching. Further negative impacts were strengthened power hierarchies and increasingly gendered nature of the academic culture.  相似文献   

Analysis of academic administrators’ attitudes: annual evaluations and factors that improve teaching     

Brian D. Cherry  Nathan Grasse  Dale Kapla  Brad Hamel 《Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management》2017,39(3):296-306

This article examines academic administrators’ attitudes towards the academic evaluation process in the US and those factors that are utilised to improve teaching. We use path regressions to examine satisfaction with evaluation procedures, as well as the direct and indirect effects of these factors on perceptions of whether the evaluation process facilitates quality instruction. With increased pressure for accountability being placed on higher education, it is important to ensure that we are meeting both public and academic expectations. The evaluation process is an important tool to ensure the university’s goals and values are articulated and that academics can be successful in their individual career paths. The problem is most research finds flaws with the current method of evaluation, and academics and academic administrators are sceptical about the process and results. We find there are environmental factors that influence academic administrators’ perceptions of academic evaluations and the ability to improve classroom instruction.  相似文献   

由学术而政治 由政治而戏曲——“三教论衡”简论     

庆振轩  车安宁 《内蒙古大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2003,35(4):75-79

“三教论衡”作为一种文化现象,渊源有自,自成一脉。它由学术而政治,由政治而戏曲,是政教文化因素与戏曲因素有机结合的产物。  相似文献   

关于办好学报的思考     

陈绍兰 《四川师范学院学报》2005,(4):113-116

学报是高校的重要窗口，要发挥其作用，必须重视学报编辑工作规范，加强学报内在质量，注重论文的学术性和信息量。提高出版时效。重视学报投入，加强管理，培养高素质编辑。新世纪编辑面临激烈的竞争和巨大的挑战，工作中应不断总结经验、更新知识，成为编、校、审三合一的多面手，以适应时代的发展，使编辑水平再上一个新台阶。  相似文献